BS ISO 16134:2020 pdf free.Earthquake- rsisat and subsidence resistant design of ductile iron pipelines.
BS ISO 16134  1 Scope This document specifies the design of earthquake-resistant and subsidence-resistant ductile iron pipelines suitable for use in areas where seismic activity and land subsidence can be expected. It provides a means of determining and checking the resistance of buried pipelines and gives example calculations. It is applicable to ductile iron pipes and fittings with joints as specified in ISO 2531, ISO 7186 and ISO 16631 that have expansion/contraction and deflection capabilities, used in pipelines
buried underground.  NOTE Subsidence is not the effects of an earthquake or a sinkhole. 2 Normative references The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 2531, Ductile iron pipes, fittings, accessories and their joints for water applications In general, there are several main causes of seismic hazards to buried pipelines: a] ground displacement and ground strain caused by seismic ground shaking; ground deformation such as a ground surface crack, ground subsidence and lateral spread induced by liquefaction;
c) relative displacement at the connecting part with the structure, etc.;  d) ground displacement and rupture along a fault zone. Since the ductile iron pipe has high tensile strength as well as the capacity for expansion/contraction and deflection from its joint part, giving it the ability to follow the ground movement during the earthquake, the stress generated on the pipe body is relatively small. Few ruptures of pipe body have occurred during earthquakes in the past. It is therefore important to consider whether the pipeline
can follow the ground displacement and ground strain without slipping out of joint when considering its earthquake resistance. The internal hydrodynamic surge pressures induced by seismic shaking are normally small enough not to be considered. BS ISO 16134 pdf download.