BS ISO 23056:2020 pdf free.Water reuse in urban areas – Guidelines for decentralized onsite water reuse system一Design principles of a decentralized/onsite system.
BS ISO 23056 Decentralized/onsite water reuse systems come in a wide variety of options and scales. An important aspect in considering the use of decentralized/onsite systems is the appropriate scale of implementation to ensure proper operation and management. Onsite systems generally refer to allotment scale systems,including onsite family/ household-based systems and onsite building scale systems (e.g. urban communities, industries, or other facilities). Decentralized systems can encompass a wider range of scales such as a cluster system, a community system, a seasonal operation system, etc.Traditionally, the main application of a decentralized/onsite water reuse system is for servicing areas that are difficult to service with centralized water reuse systems due to technical or economic considerations. There are increasing opportunities to apply decentralized systems beyond the small town and rural communities by a mixture of different scales. Compared to centralized systems, the planning of decentralized/onsite water reuse systems require a thorough understanding of temporal and spatial demand variability for the end use requirements to determine an optimal design scale.4.2.2 Onsite water reuse system Onsite systems typically treat wastewater close to the source, and are generally applied to serve small to medium scale development. Figures 1 and 2 show typical examples of an onsite family/household-based water reuse system and a building scale water reuse system respectively. Back flow preventers should be considered as required by many jurisdictions when potable water and reclaimed water are supplied to the same equipment (e.g. toilets, washing machines, irrigation, etc.) for safety of individual and public systems. The maintenance and operational costs of onsite systems can be relatively high which usually relies on additional motivation, such as limited available supply of water (drought or arid lands) or high costs for disposal or positive environmental attitudes of individuals and households, etc.Onsite systems for seasonally operated facilities such as seasonal hotels or campsites should be capable of adapting to changing conditions and deal with a high variability of organic load.BS ISO 23056 pdf download.